[自用]Mysql备份脚本

#!/bin/bash
# setting  只需要修改下面4项
dbs=( db_name1 db_name2 db_name3 )    #数据库名称
hostname=db_host                                            #数据库服务器,请确保执行备份的服务器有权限连接到此数据库服务器
username=db_username                                #具有所填数据库名称备份权限的数据库用户
password=db_password                                  #此数据库用户的密码

db_count=${#dbs[@]}
echo “There are (${db_count}) databases”
if [ ${db_count} -lt 1 ]
then
echo “Bye !”\n\n
exit 0
fi

case “$1″ in
backup)
echo “Staring to backup databases”
for db in ${dbs[@]}
do
echo “Starting backup database: “${db}” ……”
mysqldump -h${hostname} -u${username} -p${password} –opt –databases=TRUE –add-drop-database=TRUE ${db} | gzip > ${db}.sql.gz
echo “Complete backup database: “${db}” !”
done
echo “Staring to backup all databases to all.tar.gz”
mysqldump -h${hostname} -u${username} -p${password} –opt –all-databases | gzip > all.sql.gz
echo “Complete backup of all databases”
;;
restore)
echo “Staring to restore databases”
for db in ${dbs[@]}
do
echo “Starting restore database: “${db}” ……”
gunzip < ${db}.sql.gz | mysql -h${hostname} -u${username} -p${password}
echo “Complete restore database: “${db}” !”
done
echo “Complete restore of all databases”
;;
*)
echo “Usage: $0 {backup|restore}”
esac
exit 0

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nginx rewrite配置实例

正则表达式匹配,其中:

  1.  ~ 为区分大小写匹配
  2.  ~* 为不区分大小写匹配
  3.  !~ 和 !~* 分别为区分大小写不匹配及不区分大小写不匹配

文件及目录匹配,其中:

  1. * -f和!-f用来判断是否存在文件
  2. * -d和!-d用来判断是否存在目录
  3. * -e和!-e用来判断是否存在文件或目录
  4. * -x和!-x用来判断文件是否可执行

flag标记有:

  1. * last 相当于Apache里的[L]标记,表示完成rewrite
  2. * break 终止匹配, 不再匹配后面的规则
  3. * redirect 返回302临时重定向 地址栏会显示跳转后的地址
  4. * permanent 返回301永久重定向 地址栏会显示跳转后的地址

一些可用的全局变量有,可以用做条件判断(待补全)

  1. $args
  2. $content_length
  3. $content_type
  4. $document_root
  5. $document_uri
  6. $host
  7. $http_user_agent
  8. $http_cookie
  9. $limit_rate
  10. $request_body_file
  11. $request_method
  12. $remote_addr
  13. $remote_port
  14. $remote_user
  15. $request_filename
  16. $request_uri
  17. $query_string
  18. $scheme
  19. $server_protocol
  20. $server_addr
  21. $server_name
  22. $server_port
  23. $uri

WordPress的配置例子

server {
listen   80;
server_name domain ;
root    /usr/local/nginx/html/domain/wordpress;

proxy_read_timeout    180;
proxy_send_timeout    180;
proxy_connect_timeout 60;

proxy_buffer_size 128k;
proxy_buffers 4 256k;
proxy_busy_buffers_size 256k;
proxy_temp_file_write_size 512k;
client_max_body_size 10m;
access_log  logs/lolita.im;
error_log  logs/lolita.im.error error;
index  index.php index.html index.htm;

location = /favicon.ico {
log_not_found off;
access_log off;
}

location = /robots.txt {
allow all;
log_not_found off;
access_log off;
}

location / {
# This is cool because no php is touched for static content
try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$args;
}

# Add trailing slash to */wp-admin requests.
rewrite /wp-admin$ $scheme://$host$uri/ permanent;

# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
#
location ~ .php$ {
# fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index  index.php;
fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}

location ~* .(js|css|png|jpg|jpeg|gif|ico)$ {
expires max;
log_not_found off;
}

# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache’s document root
# concurs with nginx’s one
#
location ~ /.ht {
deny  all;
}

结合QeePHP的例子

  1. if (!-d $request_filename) {
  2. rewrite ^/([a-z-A-Z]+)/([a-z-A-Z]+)/?(.*)$ /index.php?namespace=user&amp;controller=$1&amp;action=$2&amp;$3 last;
  3. rewrite ^/([a-z-A-Z]+)/?$ /index.php?namespace=user&amp;controller=$1 last;
  4. break;

多目录转成参数
abc.domian.com/sort/2 => abc.domian.com/index.php?act=sort&name=abc&id=2

  1. if ($host ~* (.*)\.domain\.com) {
  2. set $sub_name $1;
  3. rewrite ^/sort\/(\d+)\/?$ /index.php?act=sort&cid=$sub_name&id=$1 last;
  4. }

目录对换
/123456/xxxx -> /xxxx?id=123456

  1. rewrite ^/(\d+)/(.+)/ /$2?id=$1 last;

例如下面设定nginx在用户使用ie的使用重定向到/nginx-ie目录下:

  1. if ($http_user_agent ~ MSIE) {
  2. rewrite ^(.*)$ /nginx-ie/$1 break;
  3. }

目录自动加“/”

  1. if (-d $request_filename){
  2. rewrite ^/(.*)([^/])$ http://$host/$1$2/ permanent;
  3. }

禁止htaccess

  1. location ~/\.ht {
  2. deny all;
  3. }

禁止多个目录

  1. location ~ ^/(cron|templates)/ {
  2. deny all;
  3. break;
  4. }

禁止以/data开头的文件
可以禁止/data/下多级目录下.log.txt等请求;

  1. location ~ ^/data {
  2. deny all;
  3. }

禁止单个目录
不能禁止.log.txt能请求

  1. location /searchword/cron/ {
  2. deny all;
  3. }

禁止单个文件

  1. location ~ /data/sql/data.sql {
  2. deny all;
  3. }

给favicon.ico和robots.txt设置过期时间;
这里为favicon.ico为99天,robots.txt为7天并不记录404错误日志

  1. location ~(favicon.ico) {
  2.    log_not_found off;
  3. expires 99d;
  4. break;
  5. }
  6. location ~(robots.txt) {
  7.    log_not_found off;
  8. expires 7d;
  9. break;
  10. }

设定某个文件的过期时间;这里为600秒,并不记录访问日志

  1. location ^~ /html/scripts/loadhead_1.js {
  2.    access_log off;
  3.    root /opt/lampp/htdocs/web;
  4. expires 600;
  5. break;
  6. }

文件反盗链并设置过期时间
这里的return 412 为自定义的http状态码,默认为403,方便找出正确的盗链的请求
“rewrite ^/ http://leech.c1gstudio.com/leech.gif;”显示一张防盗链图片
“access_log off;”不记录访问日志,减轻压力
“expires 3d”所有文件3天的浏览器缓存

  1. location ~* ^.+\.(jpg|jpeg|gif|png|swf|rar|zip|css|js)$ {
  2. valid_referers none blocked *.c1gstudio.com *.c1gstudio.net localhost 208.97.167.194;
  3. if ($invalid_referer) {
  4. rewrite ^/ http://leech.c1gstudio.com/leech.gif;
  5. return 412;
  6. break;
  7. }
  8.    access_log off;
  9.    root /opt/lampp/htdocs/web;
  10. expires 3d;
  11. break;
  12. }

只充许固定ip访问网站,并加上密码

  1. root /opt/htdocs/www;
  2. allow 208.97.167.194;
  3. allow 222.33.1.2;
  4. allow 231.152.49.4;
  5. deny all;
  6. auth_basic “C1G_ADMIN”;
  7. auth_basic_user_file htpasswd;

将多级目录下的文件转成一个文件,增强seo效果
/job-123-456-789.html 指向/job/123/456/789.html

  1. rewrite ^/job-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)\.html$ /job/$1/$2/jobshow_$3.html last;

将根目录下某个文件夹指向2级目录
如/shanghaijob/ 指向 /area/shanghai/
如果你将last改成permanent,那么浏览器地址栏显是/location/shanghai/

  1. rewrite ^/([0-9a-z]+)job/(.*)$ /area/$1/$2 last;

上面例子有个问题是访问/shanghai 时将不会匹配

  1. rewrite ^/([0-9a-z]+)job$ /area/$1/ last;
  2. rewrite ^/([0-9a-z]+)job/(.*)$ /area/$1/$2 last;

这样/shanghai 也可以访问了,但页面中的相对链接无法使用,
如./list_1.html真实地址是/area/shanghia/list_1.html会变成/list_1.html,导至无法访问。

那我加上自动跳转也是不行咯
(-d $request_filename)它有个条件是必需为真实目录,而我的rewrite不是的,所以没有效果

  1. if (-d $request_filename){
  2. rewrite ^/(.*)([^/])$ http://$host/$1$2/ permanent;
  3. }

知道原因后就好办了,让我手动跳转吧

  1. rewrite ^/([0-9a-z]+)job$ /$1job/ permanent;
  2. rewrite ^/([0-9a-z]+)job/(.*)$ /area/$1/$2 last;

文件和目录不存在的时候重定向:

  1. if (!-e $request_filename) {
  2. proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1;
  3. }

域名跳转

  1. server
  2.    {
  3.    listen 80;
  4.    server_name jump.c1gstudio.com;
  5.    index index.html index.htm index.php;
  6.    root /opt/lampp/htdocs/www;
  7.    rewrite ^/ http://www.c1gstudio.com/;
  8.    access_log off;
  9.    }

三级域名跳转

  1. if ($http_host ~* “^(.*)\.i\.c1gstudio\.com$”) {
  2. rewrite ^(.*) http://top.yingjiesheng.com$1;
  3. break;
  4. }

域名镜向

  1. server
  2.    {
  3.    listen 80;
  4.    server_name mirror.c1gstudio.com;
  5.    index index.html index.htm index.php;
  6.    root /opt/lampp/htdocs/www;
  7.    rewrite ^/(.*) http://www.c1gstudio.com/$1 last;
  8.    access_log off;
  9.    }

某个子目录作镜向

  1. location ^~ /zhaopinhui {
  2. rewrite ^.+ http://zph.c1gstudio.com/ last;
  3. break;
  4. }

discuz ucenter home (uchome) rewrite

  1. rewrite ^/(space|network)-(.+)\.html$ /$1.php?rewrite=$2 last;
  2. rewrite ^/(space|network)\.html$ /$1.php last;
  3. rewrite ^/([0-9]+)$ /space.php?uid=$1 last;

discuz 7 rewrite

  1. rewrite ^(.*)/archiver/((fid|tid)-[\w\-]+\.html)$ $1/archiver/index.php?$2 last;
  2. rewrite ^(.*)/forum-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)\.html$ $1/forumdisplay.php?fid=$2&page=$3 last;
  3. rewrite ^(.*)/thread-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)\.html$ $1/viewthread.php?tid=$2&extra=page\%3D$4&page=$3 last;
  4. rewrite ^(.*)/profile-(username|uid)-(.+)\.html$ $1/viewpro.php?$2=$3 last;
  5. rewrite ^(.*)/space-(username|uid)-(.+)\.html$ $1/space.php?$2=$3 last;
  6. rewrite ^(.*)/tag-(.+)\.html$ $1/tag.php?name=$2 last;

给discuz某版块单独配置域名

  1. server_name bbs.c1gstudio.com news.c1gstudio.com;
  2. location = / {
  3. if ($http_host ~ news\.c1gstudio.com$) {
  4. rewrite ^.+ http://news.c1gstudio.com/forum-831-1.html last;
  5. break;
  6. }
  7. }

discuz ucenter 头像 rewrite 优化

  1. location ^~ /ucenter {
  2. location ~ .*\.php?$
  3. {
  4. #fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;
  5. fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
  6. fastcgi_index index.php;
  7. include fcgi.conf;
  8. }
  9. location /ucenter/data/avatar {
  10. log_not_found off;
  11. access_log off;
  12. location ~ /(.*)_big\.jpg$ {
  13. error_page 404 /ucenter/images/noavatar_big.gif;
  14. }
  15. location ~ /(.*)_middle\.jpg$ {
  16. error_page 404 /ucenter/images/noavatar_middle.gif;
  17. }
  18. location ~ /(.*)_small\.jpg$ {
  19. error_page 404 /ucenter/images/noavatar_small.gif;
  20. }
  21. expires 300;
  22. break;
  23. }
  24.    }

jspace rewrite

  1. location ~ .*\.php?$
  2.    {
  3.    #fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;
  4.    fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
  5.    fastcgi_index index.php;
  6.    include fcgi.conf;
  7.    }
  8.    location ~* ^/index.php/
  9.    {
  10.    rewrite ^/index.php/(.*) /index.php?$1 break;
  11.    fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
  12.    fastcgi_index index.php;
  13.    include fcgi.conf;
  14.    }

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新的开始

vps出现问题所有数据被清空,并且无法启动服务器,节点故障,本以为无法恢复了,只有推到重来,最近一个月都没空备份,又是一件极其麻烦的事,发了Support Tickets,虽然等了10多个小时,结果出乎意料的给恢复了。

好好备份,服务器的设置,网站数据,真是怕了,以后一周备一次。

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